In Q1'26, ISRG's operating expenses reached $675.2M, comprising $361.9M in R&D expenses and $613.3M in SG&A expenses, marking a 3.5% increase from Q4'25's total of $1.04B and reflecting ongoing investment in innovation amid administrative cost pressures. Over the period from Q2'23 to Q1'26, total operating expenses exhibited a steady upward trend, rising from $708.7M to $675.2M with an average quarterly growth of approximately 4%, driven primarily by consistent increases in both R&D (from $244.4M to $361.9M, up 48%) and SG&A (from $464.3M to $613.3M, up 32%). Notable spikes occurred in Q4 periods, such as Q4'23 ($827.2M) and Q4'25 ($1.04B), likely due to seasonal factors or year-end adjustments, while R&D showed smoother growth compared to the more volatile SG&A component, underscoring ISRG's focus on research amid fluctuating administrative overheads.