In Q4'25, Alphabet's total operating expenses reached $32.13B USD, with R&D expenses at a record $18.57B USD and SG&A expenses at $13.56B USD, reflecting a significant quarterly surge driven primarily by heightened R&D investments. Over the period from Q1'23 to Q4'25, operating expenses exhibited a steady upward trend, growing from $21.76B USD to $32.13B USD, with R&D consistently dominating at 50-60% of the total and showing consistent increases from $11.47B USD in Q1'23 to $18.57B USD in Q4'25. SG&A expenses fluctuated more notably, dipping to $9.45B USD in Q1'24 before climbing to $14.60B USD in Q3'25 and moderating to $13.56B USD in Q4'25, underscoring R&D's pivotal role in the overall expense expansion amid Alphabet's innovation focus.